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Slashing salt can save lives – and it won’t hurt your hip pocket or tastebuds

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/peter-breadon-1348098">Peter Breadon</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/grattan-institute-1168">Grattan Institute</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/lachlan-fox-1283428">Lachlan Fox</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/grattan-institute-1168">Grattan Institute</a></em></p> <p>Each year, more than <a href="https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/eb5fee21-7f05-4be1-8414-8b2bba7b4070/ABDS-2018-Risk-factor-supp-data-tables.xlsx.aspx">2,500 Australians</a> die from diseases linked to eating too much salt.</p> <p>We shouldn’t be putting up with so much unnecessary illness, mainly from heart disease and strokes, and so many deaths.</p> <p>As a new <a href="https://grattan.edu.au/report/sneaky-salt/">Grattan Institute report</a> shows, there are practical steps the federal government can take to save lives, reduce health spending and help the economy.</p> <h2>We eat too much salt, with deadly consequences</h2> <p>Eating too much salt is bad for your health. It <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-018-0004-1">raises blood pressure</a>, which increases the risk of <a href="https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14240">heart disease and stroke</a>.</p> <p>About <a href="https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/risk-factors/high-blood-pressure/contents/summary">one in three</a> Australians has high blood pressure, and eating too much salt is the biggest individual contributor.</p> <p>Unfortunately, the average Australian eats far too much salt – <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.5694/mja17.00394">almost double</a> the recommended daily maximum of 5 grams, equivalent to <a href="https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/sodium-and-salt-converter#:%7E:text=We%20recommend%20adults%20eat%20less,about%201%20teaspoon%20a%20day">a teaspoon</a>.</p> <p>Australian governments know excessive salt intake is a big problem. That’s why in <a href="https://www.health.gov.au/resources/publications/national-preventive-health-strategy-2021-2030?language=en">2021 they set a target</a> to reduce salt intake by at least 30% by 2030.</p> <p>It’s an ambitious and worthy goal. But we’re still eating too much salt and we don’t have the policies to change that.</p> <h2>Most of the salt we eat is added to food during manufacturing</h2> <p>Most of the salt Australians eat doesn’t come from the shaker on the table. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7231587/">About three-quarters</a> of it is added to food during manufacturing.</p> <p>This salt is hidden in everyday staples such as bread, cheese and processed meats. Common foods such as ready-to-eat pasta meals or a ham sandwich can have up to half our total recommended salt intake.</p> <h2>Salt limits are the best way to cut salt intake</h2> <p>Reducing the amount of salt added to food during manufacturing is the most effective way to reduce intake.</p> <p>Salt limits can help us do that. They work by setting limits on how much salt can be added to different kinds of food, such as bread or biscuits. To meet these limits, companies need to change the recipes of their products, reducing the amount of salt.</p> <p>Under salt limits, the United Kingdom reduced salt intake <a href="https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16649">by 20% in about a decade</a>. <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41371-021-00653-x">South Africa</a> is making even faster gains. Salt limits are cheap and easy to implement, and can get results quickly.</p> <p>Most consumers won’t notice a change at the checkout. Companies will need to update their recipes, but even if all the costs of updating recipes were passed on to shoppers, we calculate that at most it would cost about 10 cents each week for the average household.</p> <p>Nor will consumers notice much of a change at the dinner table. <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/6/10/4354">Most people don’t notice</a> when some salt is removed <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022316622031224">from common foods</a>. There are many ways companies can make foods taste just as salty without adding as much salt. For example, they can make <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704534904575131602283791566">salt crystals finer</a>, or use <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4520464/">potassium-enriched salt</a>, which swaps some of the harmful sodium in salt for potassium. And because the change will be gradual, our tastebuds will <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjcn/zvac060.077">adapt to less salty foods</a> over time.</p> <h2>Australia’s salt limits are failing</h2> <p>Australia has had voluntary salt limits since 2009, but they are badly designed, poorly implemented, and have reduced population salt intake by just <a href="https://www.abs.gov.au/articles/healthy-food-partnership-reformulation-program-two-year-progress">0.3%</a>.</p> <p>Because Australia’s limits are voluntary, many food companies have chosen not to participate in the scheme. Our analysis shows that 73% of eligible food products are not participating, and only 4% have reduced their salt content.</p> <h2>Action could save lives</h2> <p>Modelling from the University of Melbourne <a href="https://mspgh.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/4783405/The-Health-and-Cost-Impacts-of-Sodium-Reduction-Interventions-in-Australia.pdf">shows</a> that fixing our failed salt limits could add 36,000 extra healthy years of life, across the population, over the next 20 years.</p> <p>This would delay more than 300 deaths each year and reduce health-care spending by A$35 million annually, the equivalent of 6,000 hospital visits.</p> <p><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/jhh2013105">International experience</a> <a href="https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16649">shows</a> the costs of implementing such salt limits would be very low and far outweighed by the benefits.</p> <h2>How to fix our failed salt limits</h2> <p>To achieve these gains, the federal government should start by enforcing the limits we already have, by making compliance mandatory. <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S216183132300042X">Fifteen countries</a> have mandatory salt limits, and 14 are planning to introduce them.</p> <p>The number of foods covered by salt limits in Australia should more than double, to be as broad as those the <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/604338/Salt_reduction_targets_for_2017.pdf">UK set in 2014</a>. Broader targets would include common foods for which Australia does not currently set targets, such as baked beans, butter, margarine and canned vegetables.</p> <p>A loophole in the current scheme that lets companies leave out a fifth of their products should be closed. The federal government should design the policy, rather than doing it jointly with industry representatives.</p> <p>Over the coming decades, Australia will need many new and improved policies to reduce diet-related disease. Reducing salt intake must be part of this agenda. For too long, Australia has let the food industry set the standard, with almost no progress against a major threat to our health.</p> <p>Getting serious about salt would save lives, and it would more than pay for itself through reduced health-care costs and increased economic activity.<img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/213980/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p> <p><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/peter-breadon-1348098"><em>Peter Breadon</em></a><em>, Program Director, Health and Aged Care, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/grattan-institute-1168">Grattan Institute</a> and <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/lachlan-fox-1283428">Lachlan Fox</a>, Associate, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/grattan-institute-1168">Grattan Institute</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: Shutterstock</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/slashing-salt-can-save-lives-and-it-wont-hurt-your-hip-pocket-or-tastebuds-213980">original article</a>.</em></p>

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Kendall Roy’s playlist: why hip hop is the perfect counterpoint for Succession’s entitled plutocrats

<p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/j-griffith-rollefson-952418">J. Griffith Rollefson</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-college-cork-1321">University College Cork</a></em></p> <p>From the very first minutes of HBO’s hit drama series, <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/succession-how-true-to-life-is-the-tv-series-170139">Succession</a></em>, hip hop is used to underpin, juxtapose and comment on the story of corporate intrigue, capitalist entitlement and white privilege.</p> <p>Just as a hip hop beat underscores the classical piano lines to <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=77PsqaWzwG0&amp;ab_channel=HBO">the show’s theme song</a> by composer Nicholas Britell, hip hop’s swaggering braggadocio acts as a counterpoint to the Roy family’s rarefied worlds of high finance and plutocratic untouchability.</p> <figure><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/3eTTkxM8QLE?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" width="440" height="260" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><figcaption><span class="caption">The first scene of Succession’s pilot episode.</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Recalling the opening scene to <em>Office Space</em> (1999) – which begins knee-deep in cringey, white boy, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XASNM1XEQPs&amp;ab_channel=JoseHernandez">gangsta karaoke</a> – Succession’s first episode introduces wannabe-protagonist Kendall Roy (Jeremy Strong) with a similarly embarrassing set piece. The businessman is riding in the back of a limo, listening to <em><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ny6hwUOFvlw">An Open Letter to NYC</a></em> by the Beastie Boys, as the hustle and bustle of Manhattan rolls by.</p> <p>But when the backing track fades, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3eTTkxM8QLE&amp;ab_channel=OpeningScenes">Kendall’s own voice is revealed</a>, thin and childish, rapping along to the lyrics about skyscrapers and Wall Street traders. This wannabe hip hop businessman persona is at the core of Kendall’s deeply conflicted character.</p> <p>This persona is in full bloom in a memorable season two episode, where Kendall performs L to the OG, a rap tribute to his father Logan Roy (Brian Cox), earning him the nickname “Ken.W.A.” from brother Roman (Kieran Culkin), a la the infamous Compton rap group NWA.</p> <p>As I explain in my book, <em><a href="https://criticalexcess.org/">Critical Excess: Watch the Throne and the New Gilded Age</a></em>, corporate board rooms and <a href="https://www.dukeupress.edu/the-real-hiphop">hip hop ciphers</a> are no longer as incompatible as they might seem. This is exemplified through American rap superstars Jay Z and Kanye West’s (now known as Ye) collaborative “<a href="https://genius.com/Jay-z-and-kanye-west-otis-lyrics">luxury rap</a>” album, <em>Watch the Throne</em> (2011).</p> <figure><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6dUDQTc-9kM?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" width="440" height="260" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><figcaption><span class="caption">Kendall rapping in season two of Succession.</span></figcaption></figure> <p>In season four, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNbfEC-AeHs&amp;ab_channel=ob9RJ2mJhoMPHH">Kendall listens</a> to <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IHiFMW8s6zk&amp;ab_channel=JAYZ-Topic">Jay Z’s <em>The Takeover</em></a> (2001) on his way to work in the ATN news studio. It’s not surprising that Jay Z is a favourite. The rapper-turned-entrepreneur once rapped the lines: “I’m not a businessman, I’m a business, man!” in his verse on Ye’s <em><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aI0jNu-G5Hw&amp;ab_channel=KanyeWest-Topic">Diamonds from Sierra Leone</a></em> (2005), an attitude it’s easy to imagine Kendall aligning himself with.</p> <p>It’s also no coincidence that this dysfunctional family is named Roy, French for “king”, another link to Watch the Throne and the hustle to become “<a href="https://www.complex.com/music/2020/05/who-is-king-of-new-york">king of New York</a>”.</p> <p>Real-life media mogul family, the Murdochs, are widely believed to have <a href="https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2023/04/rupert-murdoch-cover-story">inspired <em>Succession</em></a>. But the hip hop connection is particularly uncanny. In 1995, Rupert Murdoch’s youngest son, James, bankrolled the hot new hip hop label Rawkus Records. Soon thereafter Murdoch’s News Corp bought a majority share in Rawkus and artists reportedly <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/jul/11/james-murdoch-hip-hop">started complaining about unpaid royalties</a>.</p> <h2>Hip hop as Kendall’s hype music</h2> <p>Rap music is <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/musimoviimag.2.1.0026">repeatedly used</a> to show Kendall’s need for a boost of confidence – a need once satisfied by <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9gIa3Xqycg">his substance abuse</a>.</p> <p>Hip hop pioneer <a href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/krs-one-mn0000359119/biography">KRS-One</a> reportedly once likened hip hop to a “<a href="https://floodmagazine.com/42937/quelle-chris-being-you-is-great-i-wish-i-could-be-you-more-often/">confidence sandwich</a>” for its ability to help America’s forgotten underclasses find the strength to get up and fight the good fight, from enduring the daily grind to organising for a better world. But what happens when this swag burger is blaring in the ears of an out-of-touch CEO?</p> <figure><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/GNbfEC-AeHs?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0" width="440" height="260" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><figcaption><span class="caption">Kendall listening to Jay Z’s The Takeover.</span></figcaption></figure> <p>As the late, great Black music critic <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/176649/everything-but-the-burden-by-edited-by-greg-tate/">Greg Tate</a> suggests, hip hop has been a site of “the Elvis effect” for decades, with white artists and businessmen profiting mightily from Black creative cultures. This history stretches back to rock and roll, jazz, blues and beyond.</p> <p>The boost that hip hop gives him allows Kendall to do horrible things. This echoes the way hip hop group De La Soul describes so-called “crossover” music as a “<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0X2h56qlG4&amp;ab_channel=DeLaSoulVEVO">double cross</a>” on their concept album <em>Buhloone Mindstate</em> (1993).</p> <p>As Kendall exemplifies again and again, when hip hop’s witty but often crass wordplay is decontextualised by white men, it almost always comes off as disrespectful frat boy voyeurism. Indeed, London rapper, Roots Manuva recently retweeted a nice <a href="https://twitter.com/TheWrongtom/status/1654768980828082177?s=20">case in point</a> on the eve of another high profile “succession” – King Charles III’s accession to the British throne.</p> <p>So while established rapper <a href="https://www.redbullmusicacademy.com/lectures/pusha-t">Pusha T</a> has recently collaborated with Britell on <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sF5IU-Pyn2A&amp;ab_channel=PushaTVEVO">a remix of <em>Succession</em>’s theme song</a> and while Jay and Ye continue to infiltrate the rarefied white spaces of corporate board rooms and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLmQ57mEGFs">seats of political power</a>, these relationships <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/176649/everything-but-the-burden-by-edited-by-greg-tate/">remain deeply asymmetrical</a>.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/205773/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https://theconversation.com/republishing-guidelines --></p> <p><em><a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/j-griffith-rollefson-952418">J. Griffith Rollefson</a>, Professor of Music, <a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-college-cork-1321">University College Cork</a></em></p> <p><em>Image credits: HBO</em></p> <p><em>This article is republished from <a href="https://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/kendall-roys-playlist-why-hip-hop-is-the-perfect-counterpoint-for-successions-entitled-plutocrats-205773">original article</a>.</em></p>

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As the global musical phenomenon turns 50, a hip-hop professor explains what the word ‘dope’ means to him

<p>After I finished my Ph.D. in 2017, several newspaper reporters wrote about the job I’d accepted at the University of Virginia as an assistant professor of hip-hop.</p> <p>“A.D. Carson just scored, arguably, the dopest job ever,” one <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/07/03/virginia-ad-carson-hip-hop-professor/435032001/">journalist wrote</a>.</p> <p>The writer may not have meant it the way I read it, but the terminology was significant to me. Hip-hop’s early luminaries transformed the word’s original meanings, using it as a synonym for cool. In the 50 years since, it endures as an expression of respect and praise – and illegal substances.</p> <p>In that context, dope has everything to do with my work. </p> <p>In the year I graduated from college, one of my best friends was sent to federal prison for possession of crack cocaine with intent to distribute. He served nearly a decade and has been back in prison several times since.</p> <p>But before he went to prison, he helped me finish school by paying off my tuition.</p> <p>In a very real way, dope has as much to do with me finishing my studies and becoming a professor as it does with him serving time in a federal prison.</p> <h2>Academic dope</h2> <p>For my Ph.D. dissertation in Rhetorics, Communications, and Information Design, I wrote a <a href="http://phd.aydeethegreat.com/">rap album</a> titled “Owning My Masters: The Rhetorics of Rhymes &amp; Revolutions.” A peer-reviewed, mastered version of the album is due out this summer from University of Michigan Press.</p> <p>Part of my reasoning for writing it that way involved my ideas about dope. I want to question who gets to determine who and what are dope and whether any university can produce expertise on the people who created hip-hop.</p> <p>While I was initially met with <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2016/04/clemson-university-arrests/478455/">considerable resistance</a> for my work at Clemson, the university eventually became supportive and touted “<a href="https://news.clemson.edu/clemson-doctoral-student-produces-rap-album-for-dissertation-it-goes-viral/">a dissertation with a beat</a>.”</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">A Dissertation with a Beat. 🔊🎤 🔊<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Clemson?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Clemson</a> doctoral student produces rap album for dissertation; it goes viral ➡️ <a href="https://t.co/wgiM9LS6k5">https://t.co/wgiM9LS6k5</a> <a href="https://t.co/r1lmBYXV2S">pic.twitter.com/r1lmBYXV2S</a></p> <p>— Clemson University (@ClemsonUniv) <a href="https://twitter.com/ClemsonUniv/status/845990987440652289?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 26, 2017</a></p></blockquote> <p>Clemson is not the only school to recognize hip-hop as dope. </p> <p>In the 50 years since its start at <a href="https://theconversation.com/hip-hop-holiday-signals-a-turning-point-in-education-for-a-music-form-that-began-at-a-back-to-school-party-in-the-bronx-165525">a back-to-school party</a> in the South Bronx, hip-hop, the culture and its art forms have come a long way to a place of relative prominence in educational institutions. </p> <p>Since 2013, Harvard University has housed the <a href="https://hutchinscenter.fas.harvard.edu/institutes/hiphop-archive-research-institute">Hiphop Archive &amp; Research Institute</a> and the <a href="https://hutchinscenter.fas.harvard.edu/faq/nasir-jones-hiphop-fellowship">Nasir Jones Hiphop Fellowship</a> that funds scholars and artists who demonstrate “exceptional scholarship and creativity in the arts in connection with Hiphop.”</p> <p>UCLA announced an <a href="https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2022-03-28/ucla-hip-hop-initiative-chuck-d">ambitious Hip Hop Initiative</a> to kick off the golden anniversary. The initiative includes artist residencies, community engagement programs, a book series and a digital archive project.</p> <p>Perhaps my receiving tenure and promotion at the University of Virginia is part of the school’s attempt to help codify the existence of hip-hop scholarship.</p> <p>When I write about “dope,” I’m thinking of Black people like drugs to which the U.S. is addicted. </p> <p>Dope is a frame to help clarify the attempts, throughout American history, at outlawing and <a href="https://www.ilsos.gov/departments/archives/online_exhibits/100_documents/1853-black-law.html">legalizing</a> the presence of Black people and Black culture. As dope, Black people are America’s constant ailment and cure.</p> <p>To me, dope is an aspiration and a methodology to acknowledge and resist America’s steady surveillance, scrutiny and criminalization of Blackness.</p> <p>By this definition, dope is not only what we are, it’s also who we want to be and how we demonstrate our being. </p> <p>Dope is about what we can make with what we are given. </p> <p>Dope is a product of conditions created by America. It is also a product that helped create America.</p> <p>Whenever Blackness has been seen as lucrative, businesses like record companies and institutions like colleges and universities have sought to capitalize. To remove the negative stigmas associated with dope, these institutions cast themselves in roles similar to a pharmacy. </p> <p>Even though I don’t believe academia has the power or authority to bestow hip-hop credibility, a question remains – does having a Ph.D and producing rap music as <a href="https://theconversation.com/hip-hop-professor-looks-to-open-doors-with-worlds-first-peer-reviewed-rap-album-153761">peer-reviewed publications</a>change my dopeness in some way?</p> <h2>Legalizing dope</h2> <p>Though I earned a Ph.D by rapping, my own relationship to hip-hop in academic institutions remains fraught. </p> <p>Part of the problem was noted in 2014 by Michelle Alexander, a legal scholar and author of “<a href="http://newjimcrow.com/">The New Jim Crow</a>,” when she talked about <a href="http://www.drugpolicy.org/resource/new-jim-crow-whats-next-talk-michelle-alexander-and-dpas-asha-bandele">her concerns about</a> the legalization of marijuana in different U.S. states.</p> <p>“In many ways the imagery doesn’t sit right,” she said. “Here are white men poised to run big marijuana businesses … after 40 years of impoverished black kids getting prison time for selling weed, and their families and futures destroyed. Now, white men are planning to get rich doing precisely the same thing?”</p> <p>I feel the same way about dopeness in academia. Since hip-hop has emerged as a global phenomenon largely embraced by many of the “academically trained” music scholars who initially rejected it, how will those scholars and their schools now make way for the people they have historically excluded?</p> <p>This is why that quote about me “scoring, arguably, the dopest job ever” has stuck with me. </p> <p>I wonder if it’s fair to call what I do a form of legalized dope.</p> <h2>America’s dope-dealing history</h2> <p>In the late 1990s, I saw how fast hip-hop had become inescapable across the U.S., even in the small Midwestern town of Decatur, Illinois, where I grew up with my friend who is now serving federal prison time. </p> <p>He and I have remained in contact. Among the things we discuss is how unlikely it is that I would be able to do what I do without his doing what he did.</p> <p>Given the economic realities faced by people after leaving prison, we both know there are limitations to his opportunities if we choose to see our successes as shared accomplishments.</p> <p>Depending on how dope is interpreted, prisons and universities serve as probable destinations for people who make their living with it. It has kept him in prison roughly the same amount of time as it has kept me in graduate school and in my profession. </p> <p>This present reality has historical significance for how I think of dope, and what it means for people to have their existence authorized or legalized, and America’s relationship to Black people. </p> <p>Many of the buildings at Clemson were built in the late 1880s using “<a href="http://glimpse.clemson.edu/convict-labor/">laborers convicted of mostly petty crimes</a>” that the state of South Carolina leased to the university. </p> <p>Similarly, the University of Virginia was built by <a href="https://dei.virginia.edu/resources">renting enslaved laborers</a>. The University also is required by state law to purchase office furniture from a state-owned company that <a href="https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/02/14/public-universities-several-states-are-required-buy-prison-industries">depends on imprisoned people for labor</a>. The people who make the furniture are paid very little to do so. </p> <p>The people in the federal prison where my friend who helped me pay for college is now housed work for paltry wages making towels and shirts for the U.S. Army.</p> <p>Even with all of the time and distance between our pasts and present, our paths are still inextricably intertwined – along with all those others on or near the seemingly transient line that divides “legal” and “illegal” dope.</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p> <p><em>This article originally appeared on <a href="https://theconversation.com/as-the-global-musical-phenomenon-turns-50-a-hip-hop-professor-explains-what-the-word-dope-means-to-him-200872" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Conversation</a>. </em></p>

Music

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Barry Humphries suffers agonising fall

<p>Barry Humphries has shared a health update with fans after a broken hip left him in "agony".</p> <p>The 89-year-old comedian behind the character Dame Edna Everage had a drastic fall which saw him undergo surgery, and is recovering well with the help of "very painful" but regular physiotherapy. </p> <p>Dubbing himself "Bionic Bazza" after receiving a titanium hip as a result of his accident, Barry says he is recovering in a clinic in the eastern suburbs of Sydney. </p> <p>He is well on the road to recovery, and told <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/culture/celebrity/there-s-nothing-like-a-dame-edna-for-barry-humphries-20230323-p5cuoo.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Sydney Morning Herald</em></a> he is "adamant" he will be better for his one man show later this year. </p> <p>"I sit a lot in the show, and there's a bit of pacing... I don't think it's going to be a problem, but I do have to get on with my physio," he said.</p> <p>Barry described his incident as "the most ridiculous thing, like all domestic incidents are," as he recalled, "I was reaching for a book, my foot got caught on a rug or something, and down I went." </p> <p>Humphries said he wanted to ease his fans' fears and assure them he's "on the mend" and his "trajectory is up", and also advised them to avoid breaking their hip if possible.</p> <p>"The medical bills were bloody enormous," he said.</p> <p>"I strongly advise not breaking your hip!"</p> <p><em>Image credits: Getty Images</em></p>

Caring

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Some skincare rules were made to be broken

<p dir="ltr">Beauty influencer Natalie O’Neill has gained quite the following on TikTok with her honest beauty advice, and has now shared her three least favourite - and most overrated - pieces of skincare advice. </p> <p dir="ltr">As anyone with sensitive skin knows, there’s no one-size-fits-all solution, though it doesn’t stop us from trying every new hack and ‘groundbreaking’ product to hit the market. </p> <p dir="ltr">But according to Natalie, that in itself can be causing half the trouble. Her answer? Focus on the basics - cleansing, toning, and moisturising - and stop following these three popular but probably doomed-to-failed ‘rules’. </p> <ol> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Exfoliating </p> </li> </ol> <p dir="ltr">“The first one is exfoliation,” she said. “Ask any dermatologist, they will tell you you don’t need to exfoliate every day. Skin care brands have exfoliating products that they want to sell to you, and you will use them up quicker if you exfoliate every day. </p> <p dir="ltr">“The only thing is, your skin doesn’t need to be exfoliated every day. And if you do that you probably will have worse skin. We are conditioned to feel like skin needs exfoliation, but it actually exfoliates itself. It has its own natural turnover, it doesn’t need you to interact with it all the time.” </p> <p dir="ltr">Natalie suggested instead just protecting skin, keeping it hydrated, and exfoliating maybe once every one to two weeks at most.</p> <ol start="2"> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Vitamin C</p> </li> </ol> <p dir="ltr">“In at number two is vitamin C,” Natalie continued. “I’ve said it once and I’ll say it again, several dermatologists that I follow don’t use vitamin C. It’s not that necessary, and it can actually be one of the most irritating ‘actives’ available.”</p> <p dir="ltr">After going on to list some popular online dermatologists that she knows don’t consider it important either, Natalie said that “again, it’s the brands telling you that you need to use it every day. And actually, you don’t.</p> <p dir="ltr">“And you might find that if you stop using it you would have much calmer skin. That’s what I found.”</p> <ol start="3"> <li dir="ltr" aria-level="1"> <p dir="ltr" role="presentation">Skin cycling </p> </li> </ol> <p dir="ltr">Skin cycling is a skincare routine that calls for ‘rest days’, where the skin is given time to ‘repair’ itself after using products. Supposedly, this has the added benefit of preventing the likes of irritation and inflammation. </p> <p dir="ltr">“I know that the person who invented it is on this app [TikTok], I know that, I respect her,” Natalie began for her third take. “In a way, skin cycling has helped lots of people, and that’s a good thing. </p> <p dir="ltr">“But let me ask you this - if those people weren’t using chemical exfoliants and retinoids prior to doing skin cycling, it would therefore make sense that they are now experiencing good results after using chemical exfoliants and retinoids.</p> <p dir="ltr">“On one hand I do understand why people do skin cycling, because it makes a complicated subject a lot easier to absorb and implement in your daily life. But on the other hand, it’s not really anything new.”</p> <p dir="ltr">Her answer? “Use your retinoid or your chemical exfoliant more consistently” to see better results.</p> <div class="mol-embed" style="margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; min-height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.16px; text-align: center; font-family: graphik, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;"> <blockquote id="v40902513402405736" class="tiktok-embed" style="margin: 18px auto; padding: 0px; min-height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; position: relative; width: 605px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.15; overflow: hidden; text-size-adjust: 100%; font-family: proxima-regular, PingFangSC, sans-serif; max-width: 605px; min-width: 325px;" cite="https://www.tiktok.com/@natalie_oneillll/video/7199658807738371333" data-video-id="7199658807738371333" data-embed-from="oembed"><p><iframe style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; border-width: initial; border-style: none; width: 605px; height: 758px; display: block; visibility: unset; max-height: 758px;" src="https://www.tiktok.com/embed/v2/7199658807738371333?lang=en-GB&amp;referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Ffemail%2Fbeauty%2Farticle-11856147%2FBeauty-buff-Natalie-ONeill-transformed-skin-shares-three-overrated-bits-skincare-advice.html&amp;embedFrom=oembed" name="__tt_embed__v40902513402405736" sandbox="allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-scripts allow-top-navigation allow-same-origin"></iframe></p></blockquote> </div> <p dir="ltr"><em>Images: TikTok</em></p>

Beauty & Style

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"My heart is forever broken": Love Actually star shares tragic news

<p><em>Love Actually</em> actress Martine McCutcheon has shared devastating family news on social media. </p> <p>The star, who played Hugh Grant's love interest Natalie in the beloved Christmas movie, said her "heart is forever broken" after the sudden death of her brother. </p> <p>Laurence John, otherwise known as LJ, died just one month before he was due to be married at age 31. </p> <p>“My baby brother, my gentle giant, sadly passed away, suddenly, 2 weeks ago. He was 31 years old,” McCutcheon wrote on Instagram.</p> <p>“There is no medical explanation as to why we lost him so soon and, whilst we investigate further, we are having to accept that nothing will bring our boy back to us.”</p> <p>LJ was 15 years younger than Martine and had a “mild form of special needs”, she explained. </p> <p>“From the moment I first held him in my arms, I felt so proud and fiercely protective of him,” the actress wrote.</p> <p>“He was such a character! He made us all laugh and loved nothing more than making a plan, having a great play list, bringing people together and generally having a giggle."</p> <p>“He hated the thought of a party ending and so was always on to the next thing!"</p> <p>“With unwavering love, support and a commitment to himself, he took hold of life with both hands and smashed through any expectation we had of him."</p> <p>“He would genuinely blow us all away at times!”</p> <p>McCutcheon described her brother as her “anchor” and “radar of what really mattered in life”.</p> <p>“I always wanted to protect him from the limelight and the characters that could be drawn to him for the wrong reasons,” she wrote.</p> <p>“My heart aches for all who have lost him. But my heart breaks for our mum, his dad John &amp; his step parents.</p> <p>“You should never outlive your children.”</p> <p>McCutcheon concluded by saying, “I’m scared to live without you LJ but I know you will want us to truly live, laugh and love in your memory. I will try I promise.”</p> <p><em>Image credits: Universal Pictures / Instagram </em></p>

Caring

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Heart broken widow speaks following the death of her husband

<p>A heartbroken widow has opened up about her husband dying in her warms, while the couple waited over 40 minutes for an ambulance to arrive.</p> <p>Stewart Grant, aged 82, suffered breathing difficulties at 12:30 pm on January 29 at his Phillip Island home in Victoria, but paramedics were not dispatched immediately despite his family calling triple-zero.</p> <p>His wife of more than 50 years, Carol Grant, said she was initially told no one was coming.</p> <p>But a short time later, Mr Grant stopped breathing.</p> <p>An operator called back 12 minutes after the initial conversation and counted with Ms Grant while she performed CPR on her husband.</p> <p>“She asked me to get him out of bed, and put him on the floor, lie him on his back and to start CPR,” she said.</p> <p>After the ambulance was finally dispatched, an alert system to find trained volunteers was initiated and three locals came to help.</p> <p>“I’d just like to thank them for everything they tried to do. I’m just so grateful for their help as I couldn’t have continued (performing CPR),” Ms Grant said.</p> <p>“Even though it wasn’t successful, I’m just so grateful to them for trying.”</p> <p>Health Minister Martin Foley said the case was tragic, and told reporters on Thursday that there were issues with how the call was prioritised by the triple-zero call service ESTA.</p> <p>“As I understand, the issue wasn’t so much the dispatch of the ambulance. The paramedics were there, other volunteers in the nearby community were there, once the call was distributed,” he said.</p> <p>State Opposition Leader Matthew Guy said the case was horrifying and demanded an explanation from the government.</p> <p>“If it’s the call-out and dispatch system, then it’s the government’s to manage ... It’s just not good enough to say it’s someone else’s fault. How the hell can this happen in Victoria in 2022?” he asked.</p> <p>Premier Daniel Andrews sent his condolences and said the coroner would examine the tragedy.</p> <p>“This pandemic has made the job of our ambos really tough, they’re all working as hard as they can and any time that a patient dies I know that that’s carried by our paramedics; they feel it very heavily,” he told reporters.</p> <p>Ambulance Victoria has also sent its sincere condolences to the Grant family and said it had undertaken a review of the case.</p> <p>Mr Grant’s case is not the only recent death in Victoria following a long wait for paramedics.</p> <p>Victorian paramedics experienced their busiest quarter on record in the last three months of 2021. Data shows ambulances were called to 91,397 code-one cases during that period, a 16% increase on the same time in 2020.</p> <p><em>Images: 7News</em></p>

Caring

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“Records are made to be broken”: Oldest person tackles Appalachian Trail

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">An 83-year-old has become the oldest person to finish the 3,500 km Appalachian Trail in the US.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">MJ “Sunny” Eberhart, also known as Nimblewill Nomad, is a seasoned hiker who has been tackling trails since he retired in 1993.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The former veteran said the trail was still quite tough despite his experience.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I’ve got a couple of marks on me, but I’m OK,” he </span><a rel="noopener" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-11-09/appalachian-trail-record-broken-by-83-year-old-us-hiker/100604392" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">said</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“You’ve got to have an incredible resolve to do this.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><img style="width: 500px; height: 281.25px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7845450/hiking1.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/f2a405a3358043b3bc3e83775440472f" /></span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: nimblewillnomad.com</span></em></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Mr Eberhart took on the trail in reverse order so that he could take advantage of the weather, and completed his final section in western Massachusetts.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dale “Greybeard” Sanders, the former record holder, joined Mr Eberhart at the finish line.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">He said he wasn’t sad that his record had been overtaken.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“My dear friend Nimblewill is taking my record away from me, and I’m happy for him. Records are made to be broken,” Mr Sanders said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The Appalachian Trail has formed the bulk of his final trek, which he has named “Odyssey 2021 ‘Bama to Baxter - Hike On”.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">After finishing the 3,500-kilometre trail, Mr Eberhart has just 1.2 kilometres left of the Pinhoti Trail according to his </span><a rel="noopener" href="https://nimblewillnomad.com/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: 400;">website</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><img style="width: 500px; height: 281.25px;" src="https://oversixtydev.blob.core.windows.net/media/7845451/hiking2.jpg" alt="" data-udi="umb://media/4d85088e61f347d4be4e2af7c0f3009f" /></span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: nimblewillnomad.com</span></em></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Though his first hike was motivated by a search for peace, he said he has eventually found it.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“You can seek peace. That doesn’t mean that you’re going to find it,” he said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I persevered to the point that the good Lord looked down on me and said, ‘you’re forgiven, you can be at peace’.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“It’s a profound blessing. It’s as simple as that.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Though Mr Eberthart has said it will be his last hike, his friend Mr Norman said that wasn’t too likely.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I don’t think it’s going to be his last hike. I just don’t think he knows what he’s going to hike next,” Mr Norman said.</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: nimblewillnomad.com</span></em></p>

International Travel

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Suffering from broken heart syndrome? Blame your brain

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Can you die of a broken heart? Yes, and scientists have linked it to something happening in the brain.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Broken heart syndrome, also known as Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), is a rare, reversible condition that mimics a mild heart attack. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Despite the name, TTS can be triggered by all manner of stressful or shocking events - think bankruptcy, the death of a loved one, divorce, or even winning the lottery - which cause a surge in production of stress hormones.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">As a result of the stressful event, one part of the heart temporarily enlarges and doesn’t pump as well, while the rest of the heart pumps normally or with more force to compensate.</span></p> <p><strong>Heart linked to the brain</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Previous research has found that people with TTS also have higher levels of activity in a particular region of the brain involved in stress response, called the amygdala.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">What hasn’t been understood is whether this brain activity is caused by the syndrome or occurs before it.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">To find the answer Shady Abohashem, a nuclear cardiologist at Harvard Medical School, and his colleagues performed retrospective analysis of full-body PT and CT scans of 104 patients, 41 of whom had developed TTS since their first scan.</span></p> <p><a href="https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehab029/6184791"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The team found</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> that the level of activity in two regions that reduce the effect of the stress response - the temporal lobe and the prefrontal cortex - was associated with an increased risk of developing TTS two years earlier than those with lower levels.</span></p> <p><strong>What this means</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We can now show that this syndrome happens as a result of chronic stress over years that makes you vulnerable to developing the syndrome more easily and sooner than [less stressed] people,” Abohashem said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The study also suggests that this chronic stress could prime the heart to overreact to stressful events, leading to this increase in the risk of TTS.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Other experts who were not involved in the study also found the results promising.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“This study confirms our suspicion that there’s a relationship between amygdala activity and future risk of Takotsubo,” said Janet Wei, a cardiologist at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">She added that the results “necessitate further study to see why these patients have higher amygdala activity and how it actually regulates the acute response.”</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image: </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">EUR HEART J, DOI:10.1093/EURHEARTJ/EHAB029, 2021</span></em></p>

Body

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How to fix a broken relationship: 8 expert tips

<h2>How to fix your relationship: Go to a therapist</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Well, of course, the pros would say that. But hear out their reasons: “First of all, we are trained in working with couples, watching their dynamic, being able to figure out their unique dance, and mirror it back to them in a way that they might not be able to do themselves,” Sussman says.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Therapists are also objective, in a way that family members or friends aren’t, says Louis. “Sometimes we don’t even know that we’re communicating in an ineffective way. And so that’s why it’s important to have an objective third party to really walk you through some of the patterns that you might be stuck in,” she says.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Plus, they can use science-backed data and evidence to convince you why what you’re doing (like nagging) isn’t effective, Sussman notes.</span></p> <h2>Or try DIY therapy</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Yes, changing the way you interact with your partner can be tough to do on your own, but it’s not impossible, says McManus. And plenty of well-known couples therapists have resources to help guide you, including websites, books, podcasts, Ted Talks and YouTube channels. Among the therapists McManus suggests checking out: John and Julie Gottman, Esther Perel, and Ellyn Bader and Pete Pearson at The Couples Institute. “They are all fantastic resources for anyone interested in learning how to improve their relationship,” she says.</span></p> <p><a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/true-stories-lifestyle/relationships/marriage-tips-from-grandmas-youd-be-a-fool-not-to-follow"><span style="font-weight: 400;">You’d also be a fool not to follow these marriage tips from grandmas.</span></a></p> <h2>Learn how to ask for things</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Instead of attacking your partner for never washing the dishes, take a different approach. “I give this example to my couples – when X happens, I feel Y. I would like Z,” says Louis. So, for example, you’d say, “When I come into the house and the dishes are everywhere I start to feel overwhelmed. So maybe we can take turns: I wash the dishes one day, you wash the dishes another day. That will make me feel really supported.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">It works because your partner feels less defensive if you avoid using words like “always” and “never” and “you” statements. Instead, focus on your emotions, as well as what Louis calls a “recipe for success.” “So instead of just leaving it with a criticism, sharing what can their partner do for things to start to feel more balanced,” she explains.</span></p> <h2>Know how to fight fairly</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Does this sound familiar? In the heat of the moment, you want to talk the issue out until it’s resolved but your partner can’t deal and withdraws. That’s pretty common actually, says Louis. It could be that your partner’s emotions are running too high to deal with right now.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Louis advises the following strategies instead.</span></p> <h2>Find some self-soothing coping strategies</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A self-soothing coping strategy to fall back on can be beneficial when you get overwhelmed. “It could include meditation, going for a walk, or taking a hot bath, but it’s really important that couples have their own strategies on what they do to make themselves feel better, especially when a conflict arises,” Louis explains.</span></p> <h2>Don’t beat a hasty retreat</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Instead say, “Let’s take a break and then in 20 minutes, we can come back and talk this through when I’m feeling calm again. Because right now, I’m struggling with staying emotionally present.” It’s crucial that you set a time when you’ll be back to resolve the conflict, says Louis. If one “person just walks away, then the other person is going to feel abandoned.”</span></p> <p><a href="https://www.readersdigest.com.au/healthsmart/communication-fixes-that-will-save-your-relationship"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Here are more communication fixes that could save your relationship. </span></a></p> <h2>Set a reasonable time-out</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you can’t calm down in 20 minutes, then you can extend it for up to two hours, advises Louis. But don’t let that break stretch out an entire day, she says. “At that point, resentment and bitterness can start to come in where they’ve made up an entire story from their own perspective and not really got a chance to hear things from their partner’s perspective.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Here’s another important point, says Louis: If you initiated the break, you set the time to reconvene. That way, your better half won’t follow you around the house asking you when it’s time to talk. Now that you’ve got these steps down, here are other ways to have more productive arguments.</span></p> <h2>Start dating again</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Louis recommends you spend quality one-on-one time at least once a week, preferably for two hours. No, you don’t have to go out to dinner or do anything fancy. Light candles and put on some tunes, play a board game or cards, or give each other a massage.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The key: Spend a couple of hours of uninterrupted time, she says. “Nobody’s on their phone, nobody’s on their computer, but you’re just knee to knee, eye to eye, really engaging each other.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">It’s a good way to avoid monotony – spending evenings in front of the TV, tending to the kids, or doing chores. “Especially couples who’ve been together for a while – they can get stuck into a routine,” says Louis. “So I teach them how to be intentional about bringing creativity into their marriage.”</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Written by Linda Rogers. This article first appeared in <a href="https://www.readersdigest.co.nz/true-stories-lifestyle/relationships/how-to-fix-a-broken-relationship-8-expert-tips?pages=1">Reader’s Digest</a>. Find more of what you love from the world’s best-loved magazine, <a href="https://readersdigest.innovations.co.nz/c/readersdigestemailsubscribe?utm_source=over60&amp;utm_medium=articles&amp;utm_campaign=RDSUB&amp;keycode=WRA93V">here’s our best subscription offer</a>.</span></em></p>

Relationships

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4 signs of a broken relationship

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">You might think a broken relationship is what happens when one partner cheats, is a serial spendthrift, or has a serious drug problem. But you’d be wrong, say experts. Those issues tend to be symptoms.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In a broken relationship, “you don’t get along more than you do get along, and your overall satisfaction with the relationship is mostly low, below 50 percent,” says Rachel Sussman, a licensed clinical social worker, psychotherapist, relationship expert, and the author of </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">The Breakup Bible: The Women’s Guide to Healing from a Breakup or Divorce</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">. “That goes on and on for a long time.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">It can also be different for everyone. Sussman says she’s seen couples bounce back from infidelity with a stronger bond. The same is true for someone with a drug or alcohol problem (though that can be trickier).</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">But for the most part, it’s rarely one thing that torpedoes a relationship. “It’s usually a variety of issues that go on for a long time, where you lose hope,” she says.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">That said, relationships on the verge of collapse usually have some tell-tale signs. And while many relationships are salvageable, some aren’t – and yes, therapists can pretty much tell both things from the get-go.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Here is everything you need to know about a relationship that needs repair, including how to go about it.</span></p> <h2>Signs of a broken relationship</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Therapists don’t always use the term “broken” to describe a relationship in need of repair. Instead, they use “dysfunctional relationship dynamics,” says Amy McManus, a licensed marriage and family therapist.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“A dysfunctional relationship dynamic is a way that a couple has of communicating and relating that isn’t working to create an emotionally safe and supportive connection,” she says. “It’s often easy to see. One or both partners is unhappy, angry and frustrated. Usually, both partners feel like the other one doesn’t hear or understand them.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">So what clues a couples’ counsellor into the fact that your dynamic no longer seems to be working?</span></p> <h2>1. You’re not talking to one another</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Communication is the number one issue,” says Laura Louis, a psychologist and couples therapist. “Sometimes it’s a feeling of, ‘Did you hear what I said? Or does what I say even matter? Or do I matter?’” When it gets to the point where you’re not feeling heard, understood, or validated, disconnection can take place, says Louis.</span></p> <h2>2. You’re disconnected from each other</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This can take several different forms. Take, for instance, couples with children. If your kids are the centre of your marriage, your conversation may revolve around all the chores that come with raising kids, says Louis. “Things like, ‘Okay, would you pick up Billy? Or when are we taking Ashley to ballet practice?’ And that furthers the disconnection.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Other worrying symptoms: “Sleeping in separate bedrooms, when a couple stops having sex (see these ways to overcome the obstacles to a healthy sex life), when they don’t want to spend time together, and when they’re finding other things to fill the space that their partner might have filled at one point,” adds Louis.</span></p> <h2>3. One of you has shut down</h2> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This is what Louis calls stonewalling, and it can happen when one partner gets overwhelmed by emotions or doesn’t think the other person cares enough to listen. “Someone can shut down emotionally and still come home every night. But when you ask how they’re doing, you get one-word answers,” she explains. “But sometimes I see an actual physical withdrawal where one person literally just walks away, walks out of the room, or leaves the house when their partner wants to talk about something.”</span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: 400;">Written by Linda Rogers. This article first appeared in <a href="https://www.readersdigest.co.nz/true-stories-lifestyle/relationships/how-to-fix-a-broken-relationship-8-expert-tips?pages=1">Reader’s Digest</a>. Find more of what you love from the world’s best-loved magazine, <a href="https://readersdigest.innovations.co.nz/c/readersdigestemailsubscribe?utm_source=over60&amp;utm_medium=articles&amp;utm_campaign=RDSUB&amp;keycode=WRA93V">here’s our best subscription offer</a>.</span></em></p>

Relationships

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Mum found dead by 5-year-old son was "broken" by COVID lockdown

<p>A mother who was struggling with the loss of a family member and being isolated from her parents has been found dead by her five-year-old son.</p> <p>Katie Simms, 32, was found by her only son Archie in their home in Kettering in the UK.</p> <p>Katie's brother David said to <em>Northants Live</em> that she had been "struggling" after their older brother Barry Gunn died in 2015.</p> <p>“Since my brother passed, she shut herself away and she ended up getting a bit of a phobia of not really going outside.</p> <p>“And I think COVID-19 broke her, to be honest.”</p> <p>“Back in 2015 my brother, who served in the Royal Anglians, suffered from PTSD after he returned from Sierra Leone,” said David, who is also in the army.</p> <p>“What he saw out there really scarred him and he couldn’t cope with his demons.</p> <p>“He was quite troubled with that; he tried to take his own life by taking an overdose, he then passed away in hospital a few months later, he’d been put on a ventilator.</p> <p>“[Katie] took that quite bad; he was only 40 at the time.”</p> <p>David said that Katie was struggling during the pandemic as she couldn't visit her mother.</p> <p>“She couldn’t get to visit mum, because she’s got breathing difficulties, so couldn’t leave the house to visit.</p> <p>“Dad’s diagnosed with bowel cancer, he’s now got a tumour so he can’t travel.</p> <p>“So lockdown has basically broken us all.”</p> <p>David started a <a rel="noopener" href="https://www.gofundme.com/f/funeral-costs-and-little-archie-fund?sharetype=teams&amp;member=5885594&amp;utm_medium=copy_link&amp;utm_source=customer&amp;utm_campaign=p_na+share-sheet&amp;rcid=9119badbf97c4960bf4919b7dfeba1f4&amp;fbclid=IwAR0pcfkEP2-xSUwaZ-lN61BgucYcc61Zrhvypmrt97yNmMNav4O40mlxbE0" target="_blank" class="editor-rtflink">GoFundMe</a> page with any extra funds going to help Archie grow up as well as funeral costs.</p>

Caring

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Simon Cowell recovering after breaking his back

<div class="post_body_wrapper"> <div class="post_body"> <div class="body_text "> <p><em>America's Got Talent </em>judge Simon Cowell is recovering after undergoing back surgery after an electric bike accident.</p> <p>“He broke his back in a few places,” a spokesperson for Cowell said in a statement to Deadline. “They operated overnight, the surgery went well, and he is in the hospital recovering.”</p> <p>According to sources quoted by <a rel="noopener" href="https://people.com/tv/simon-cowell-recovering-after-5-hour-back-surgery/" target="_blank" class="_e75a791d-denali-editor-page-rtflink">People</a>, the surgery lasted five hours, and the <em>America’s Got Talent</em> judge “has had to have a number of fusions and metal rod put into his back.”</p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/BJk_yXtBFxX/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" data-instgrm-version="12"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/BJk_yXtBFxX/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading" target="_blank">A post shared by @simoncowell</a> on Aug 26, 2016 at 9:08am PDT</p> </div> </blockquote> <p>The TV personality is reportedly doing fine.</p> <p>“Simon had a fall from his bike on Saturday afternoon whilst testing his new electric bike in the courtyard at his house in Malibu with his family,” a spokesperson for the <em>AGT</em> and <em>The X-Factor</em> creator said.</p> <p>“He hurt his back and was taken to the hospital. He’s doing fine, he’s under observation and is in the best possible hands.”</p> </div> </div> </div>

News

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“They kept walking”: 78-year-old man breaks hip and is left on the road without help

<p>A 78-year-old man was left on the road for an hour and a half without help after falling off his bike, his daughter said.</p> <p>Karingal resident Allan Mayo-Smith was cycling near Skye Road in Frankston, Melbourne when his front wheel slipped on sand, landing him on concrete and breaking his hip.</p> <p>His daughter Kathryn Smith said he called on several people who saw him, but they did not go to his aid.</p> <p>“He saw some people walk past and he was waving at them,” she told the <a rel="noopener" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-06/elderly-melbourne-cyclist-ignored-after-falling-daughter-says/11481550" target="_blank"><em>ABC</em></a>.</p> <p>“He was screaming ‘help me’, and they just looked at him and kept walking.”</p> <p>Smith said her father was “left to lie on wet grass” before a father and a son stopped to call an ambulance and take his bicycle for safekeeping.</p> <p>“I was really disappointed in those people who just looked and then kept going,” she said.</p> <p>“It’s not hard to check on someone.</p> <p>“You can check on them a couple of metres away if you’re afraid it’s a set-up or a drug person. But he was in cycle gear, he was an old dude, you know.”</p> <p>Since the fall earlier this week, Mayo-Smith has had hip replacement surgery.</p> <p>Smith recalled a similar experience that she had when motorists “were just driving past” as she struggled in a motorbike accident on the Monash Freeway three months ago.</p> <p>“People stopped, but only the ones that witnesses it. They didn’t get out and help, they saw me struggle to pick the bike up,” she said.</p> <p>“I think everyone’s just out for themselves these days.”</p>

Domestic Travel

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Woman left $2,500 out of pocket over a broken nail on US holiday

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A Sydney woman has been left with a shocking bill that has left insurance companies warning travellers about the costs of getting injured in the United States.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Rachael Minaway, 32, arrived with her friend in Honolulu and hadn’t checked into their hotel before breaking her acrylic nail in a glovebox.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We had a late check-in, so we headed straight for the beach, and we were so excited to run out of the car and get into the water,” Ms Minaway told </span><a href="https://www.news.com.au/travel/travel-advice/travellers-stories/aussie-tourist-forced-to-fork-out-2500-after-breaking-a-nail-on-american-holiday/news-story/513292ca5fe39393de734dfd34117743"><span style="font-weight: 400;">news.com.au</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We were packing away the GPS in the glovebox, and I was being too quick and smashed my fingernail between the dashboard and the glovebox, and it cracked.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I didn’t think it was a big deal at all, it’s happened to all of us before.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Her and her friend searched for medical centres to help them out with the issue.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We typed in ‘medical centre’ in the GPS and I guess in Hawaii they call hospitals ‘medical centres’ because it directed us to the closest emergency room,” she said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“At that point my hand was really hurting, and we thought, OK, they’ll just tell us what to do. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“We just wanted to get back to our trip. And I was wasting my friend’s time for a fingernail, it was so silly.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The doctor at the hospital said that it would be best to remove the fingernail, which she agreed to if she could undergo a local anaesthetic.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“It was so painful, I did not want to feel him ripping it off,” she said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“But we were taking photos and laughing through it, I honestly did not expect it to be a big deal.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">It was all fun and games until the pair were presented with the bill of $1,200. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I had to pay it on the spot,” she said. “I told them we’d only just landed, I hadn’t even checked in my luggage at the hotel. But they wouldn’t let us leave without paying it.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, she was inundated with more bills from the hospital after returning home to Sydney.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I remember emailing them after the first one and saying, ‘No, sorry, I’ve already paid for this’, but the invoices were for different things. They kept finding new things to bill me for. After a few months I regretted giving them my real address.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“It was pretty upsetting. I was six months pregnant at that point, and I kept thinking, imagine if didn’t have insurance and actually had to pay for all this myself.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">She was telling her story to warn other travellers about heading to the United States.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I’d heard about how in America they don’t have Medicare like us, but I never expected (the cost) to be this outrageous for something this tiny,” she said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“I feel so sorry for those people who go over there (to the US) and wind up with massive medical bills,” she said.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“You have no idea what’s going to happen.”</span></p>

Travel Trouble

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How music can help heal your broken heart

<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Nothing hurts worse than a broken heart. That’s why, for some people, listening to that perfect break-up song that encapsulates your pain perfectly is as helpful as venting to friends or family.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A </span><a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0110490"><span style="font-weight: 400;">2014 study</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> found that listening to sad music, including when experiencing love sickness or a breakup, can lead to emotional benefits. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The authors wrote: "Music-evoked sadness … plays a role in wellbeing, by providing consolation as well as by regulating negative moods and emotions."</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Professor Bill Thompson from Macquarie University agrees.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">"Music is one of those comprehensive activities; we're thinking about movement, we're thinking about past memories, we're emotional, we have a lot of mind wandering and imaginative processes,” he told </span><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/life/how-music-can-help-us-heal-after-a-break-up/10671356"><span style="font-weight: 400;">ABC Life</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">"In simple terms, it helps us become more open-minded."</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Tasmanian artist and songwriter Claire Anne Taylor explained that she feels less isolated when experiencing heartbreak by listening to sad songs.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">"When I'm going through a rough patch and I hear the words that the artist is singing and they resonate with me, I personally feel like I'm not alone in my suffering," she says.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Thompson agrees, but only to a certain point. You don’t want to listen to the sad songs so much that you start to ruminate on the memory of a person or sad situation.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">"Ruminating is something people can fall into easily. It's a comfort, because you're used to going over old ground, but it’s not an effective strategy for moving on," he says.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">"You're nursing the wound, thinking this is so awful, and there is comfort just going right inside that negative feeling."</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, this can be fixed by changing the meaning that’s been attached to the sad event. For example, it might help to look at a breakup as a new beginning instead of an upsetting end.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">"Change the meaning that you have constructed out of the event … Build up your sense of identity and listen to music that has personal meaning and has been with you for a long time – that defines who you are."</span></p>

Music

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“I now have a metal hip”: Andy Murray undergoes major surgery

<p>Andy Murray has undergone hip resurfacing surgery, only two weeks after his Australian Open exit.</p> <p>The three-time Grand Slam champion shared on Instagram that he had the surgery in London on Monday, a fortnight after the loss to Roberto Bautista Agut in the first round of the Australian Open.</p> <p>“I now have a metal hip,” Murray wrote. “Feeling a bit battered and bruised just now but hopefully that will be the end of my hip pain.”</p> <blockquote style="background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);" class="instagram-media" data-instgrm-captioned="" data-instgrm-permalink="https://www.instagram.com/p/BtNiST6FrYn/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_medium=loading" data-instgrm-version="12"> <div style="padding: 16px;"> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;"></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;"> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;"></div> <div style="background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;"></div> </div> </div> <div style="padding: 19% 0;"></div> <div style="display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;"></div> <div style="padding-top: 8px;"> <div style="color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;">View this post on Instagram</div> </div> <p style="margin: 8px 0 0 0; padding: 0 4px;"><a style="color: #000; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/BtNiST6FrYn/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_medium=loading" target="_blank">I underwent a hip resurfacing surgery in London yesterday morning...feeling a bit battered and bruised just now but hopefully that will be the end of my hip pain 😀 I now have a metal hip as you can see in the 2nd photo 👉👉 and I look like I've got a bit of a gut in photo 1😂</a></p> <p style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;">A post shared by <a style="color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px;" rel="noopener" href="https://www.instagram.com/andymurray/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_medium=loading" target="_blank"> Andy Murray</a> (@andymurray) on Jan 29, 2019 at 12:18am PST</p> </div> </blockquote> <p>It remains unknown whether Murray will be returning to Wimbledon in July this year. Earlier this month, the 31-year-old said the Australian Open might be the last tournament of his career.</p> <p>“Having an operation like that, there’s absolutely no guarantees I’d be able to play again,” Murray said in a press conference at the Melbourne Arena.</p> <p>“I’d like to play until Wimbledon – that’s where I’d like to stop playing – but I’m not certain I’m able to do that.”</p> <p>The former world number one also had hip surgery in Melbourne last year and has played 15 matches since.</p>

Caring

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The truth behind broken heart syndrome

<p><strong><em>Nelson Chong is a senior lecturer in the Department of Life Sciences at the University of Westminster.</em></strong></p> <p>A stressful event, such as the death of a loved one, really can break your heart. In medicine, the condition is known as broken heart syndrome or takotsubo syndrome. It is characterised by a temporary disruption of the heart’s normal pumping function, which puts the sufferer at increased risk of death. It’s believed to be the reason many elderly couples die within a <span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/30/well/live/how-emotions-can-affect-the-heart.html">short time of each other</a></span>.</p> <p>Broken heart syndrome has similar symptoms to a heart attack, including chest pain and difficulty breathing. During an attack, which can be triggered by a bereavement, divorce, surgery or other stressful event, the heart muscle weakens to the extent that it can no longer pump blood effectively.</p> <p>In about one in 10 cases, people with broken heart syndrome develop a condition called <u><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26474843">cardiogenic shock</a></u> where the heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. This can result in death.</p> <p><strong>Physical damage</strong></p> <p>It has long been thought that, unlike a heart attack, damage caused by broken heart syndrome was temporary, lasting days or weeks, but recent research suggest that this is not the case.</p> <p>A <u><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28599831">study</a></u> by researchers at the University of Aberdeen provided the first evidence that broken heart syndrome results in permanent physiological changes to the heart. The researchers followed 52 patients with the condition for four months, using ultrasound and cardiac imaging scans to look at how the patients’ hearts were functioning in minute detail. They discovered that the disease permanently affected the heart’s pumping motion. They also found that parts of the heart muscle were replaced by fine scars, which reduced the elasticity of the heart and prevented it from contracting properly.</p> <p>In a recent follow-up <u><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29128863">study</a></u>, the same research team reported that people with broken heart syndrome have persistent impaired heart function and reduced exercise capacity, resembling heart failure, for more than 12 months after being discharged from hospital.</p> <p class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9"><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/5f2Ga5O55k8" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p> <p><strong>Long-term risk</strong></p> <p>A <span><a href="https://newsroom.heart.org/news/complication-of-broken-heart-syndrome-associated-with-both-short-and-long-term-risk-of-death?preview=9f46">new study on the condition</a></span>, published in Circulation, now shows that the risk of death remains high for many years after the initial attack.</p> <p>In this study, researchers in Switzerland compared 198 patients with broken heart syndrome who developed cardiogenic shock with 1,880 patients who did not. They found that patients who experienced cardiogenic shock were more likely to have had the syndrome triggered by physical stress, such as surgery or an asthma attack, and they were also significantly more likely to have died five years after the initial event.</p> <p>People with major heart disease risk factors, such as diabetes and smoking, were also much more likely to experience cardiogenic shock, as were people with <span><a href="https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atrial-fibrillation/">atrial fibrillation</a></span> (a type of heart arrythmia).</p> <p>A second <span><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213177918303925">study</a></span> from Spain found similar results among 711 people with broken heart syndrome, 11% of whom developed cardiogenic shock. Over the course of a year, cardiogenic shock was the strongest predictor of death in this group of patients.</p> <p>These studies show that cardiogenic shock is not an uncommon risk factor in broken heart syndrome patients, and it is a strong predictor of death. They shed light on a condition that was previously thought to be less serious than it is.</p> <p>The evidence now clearly shows that the condition is not temporary, and it highlights an urgent need to establish new and more effective treatments and careful monitoring of people with this condition.</p> <p><em>Written by Nelson Chong. Republished with permission of <a href="http://www.theconversation.com"><strong><u>The Conversation.</u></strong> </a></em></p> <p><img style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/106033/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-advanced" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" /></p>

Caring